are the moral and ethical implications associated with making decisions based on that analysis.

I read an article a few years ago about studies run by cigarette companies suggesting that governments in the recently dissolved Soviet Union could see substantial savings in pension payouts if they had lax smoking laws. This link doesn't have the exact article I read, but it shows a similar publication.

Although from a fiscal perspective it might make sense to kill off the unproductive members of society, I doubt our retiring Baby Boomers or our bleeding heart democrats and republicans would vote for it.